Sickle Cell Anemia

Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary blood disease that occurs when a child inherits the gene for sickle hemoglobin from both parents. The red blood cells lack normal hemoglobin and contain an abnormal type of hemoglobin called sickle hemoglobin or hemoglobin S. Sickle hemoglobin forms a type of crystal in the red blood cell when the cell loses oxygen as it goes through tiny blood vessels, called capillaries into the veins. The crystal causes the normally round red blood cells to change into slender, twisted sickle forms. Sickle cells can get trapped in capillaries and thus block the normal flow of blood through them. If these vessels are clogged, oxygen cannot get to the tissues. This condition causes periodic attacks.

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